How the Procedures Differ
IUI places prepared sperm directly into the uterus around ovulation. Fertilization, if it occurs, happens inside the body.
IVF retrieves eggs from the ovaries, fertilizes them in the laboratory (with or without ICSI), cultures the resulting embryos, and transfers one to the uterus.
Common Indications
- IUI — mild male factor, unexplained infertility, single individuals or same-sex couples using donor sperm, mild ovulatory issues.
- IVF — tubal factor, significant male factor, failed IUI cycles, diminished ovarian reserve, genetic testing needs, age-related decline.
Outcomes and Cost
IVF generally has higher per-cycle success rates than IUI but is more invasive and more expensive. IUI is less costly per attempt but often requires multiple cycles. Cumulative cost and time-to-pregnancy considerations matter as much as headline per-cycle rates.
Choosing
The right first-line treatment depends on age, diagnosis, ovarian reserve, sperm parameters, and personal preferences. A specialist should present the trade-offs in writing.