Fertility Diagnosis: Common Tests

An overview of the tests most fertility specialists use during an initial evaluation and what each measures. Educational only — interpretation must be individualized.

Ovarian Reserve

  • AMH (anti-Müllerian hormone) — estimates remaining follicular pool.
  • Antral follicle count (AFC) — ultrasound count of resting follicles.
  • Day-3 FSH and estradiol — historical baseline hormones.

Anatomy

  • Transvaginal ultrasound — uterus, ovaries, fibroids, cysts, endometrium.
  • Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) / HyCoSy — evaluates uterine cavity and tubal patency.
  • Saline infusion sonogram / hysteroscopy — cavity detail.

Male Factor

Semen analysis assesses volume, concentration, motility, morphology, and vitality. Repeat testing and DNA fragmentation assessment may be indicated depending on results.

Other Assessments

  • Thyroid function, prolactin, and general endocrine screening.
  • Genetic carrier screening.
  • Immune, thrombophilia, or endometrial testing in selected cases.

Interpreting Results

No single number determines outcome. Clinicians interpret results in the context of your age, history, and goals to discuss reasonable next steps.

Medical Reviewer

Hospital Cyntar Medical Team

Reproductive Medicine — Tijuana, Mexico

Reviewer profile & board
Last Reviewed

November 2025

Next review due: November 2026

Reviewed at least annually against current peer-reviewed literature and professional society guidance.

What Review Covered

Clinical accuracy, alignment with ASRM/ESHRE/WHO guidance, balanced presentation of benefits and limitations, and plain-language readability.

Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. No fertility treatment can guarantee pregnancy or live birth. Individual outcomes vary. Always consult a qualified fertility specialist regarding your specific medical situation.